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What acne treatments are not safe to use during pregnancy?
There are certain common treatments for acne that are absolutely not safe to use during pregnancy or while you are breast-feeding. The ingredients in the treatment can be absorbed into your bloodstream and into the baby’s bloodstream and cause serious birth defects. It is vitally important to consult with your obstetrician and an expert dermatologist, such as Dr. Michele Green, before starting your acne treatment so you know which of these medications you must avoid.
Topical Retinoids – Topical retinoids, such as tretinoin (Retin-A), adapalene (Differin), and tazarotene (Tazorac), are very common topicals for treating acne vulgaris; however, they are contraindicated while pregnant. Derived from vitamin A, retinol treatments work by exfoliating the skin and drying out the excess sebum to help clear the hair follicles. According to the American Academy of Dermatology, retinoids have been shown to cause birth defects and should be avoided during pregnancy and while breast feeding. Other common brand names for tretinoin that are unsafe for use during pregnancy include Refissa, Renovva, and Avita.
Isotretinoin – Isotretinoin, also referred to as Accutane or known by brand names Absorica, Claravis, Zenatane, and Amnesteem, is an acne treatment commonly prescribed to treat severe acne and/or cystic acne. Similarly to tretinoin, isotretinoin is derived from vitamin A and is a treatment employed if antibiotics and topical creams have not been sufficient to treat the breakout. When healthcare providers prescribe isotretinoin, patients have to take pregnancy tests before and during treatment since it can cause birth defects and is strictly contraindicated during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Oral Tetracycline – Two other oral medications that should not be consumed as acne treatment during pregnancy are doxycycline and minocycline. Typically, these treatments are prescribed for moderate to severe acne due to their anti-inflammatory properties. Both products have been shown to be linked to birth defects such as inhibited bone growth.
Spironolactone – Spironolactone is a medication that suppresses the hormone androgen, which is responsible for a rise in oil production on the skin. Spironolactone has been shown to lead to birth defects on the developing fetus and is, for that reason, not recommended for use in pregnant women. The brand name for spironolactone is Aldactone.
Adapalene – Adapalene, also known as Differin®, is a topical medication that falls under the class retinoid-like compounds. It comes in a gel, solution, or cream formulations and works by controlling the speed of skin cell turnover to keep pores from clogging and prevent future acne breakouts. While there is no specific evidence that Adapalene causes birth defects when used topically, there are also no adequate clinical studies that adapalene 0.1% gel is safe for pregnant woman. Dr. Green recommends discontinuing Adapalene gel during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
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